Common Bacterial Infections

Urinary Tract Infections in Adults     Urine culture and antibiotic sensitivity Test (ABST) should be performed except in non pregnant women with acute cystitis. Treat initially with following antibiotics until culture and ABST are available and change antibiotics if necessary.     Urinary tract infection (UTI) is considered when urine culture yields siginificant concentration of uropathogenic bacteria. Patients with bacteria infection usually have bacterie > 105 cfu/mL. However symptomatic UTI or partially treated UTI should be considered when culture shows bacteria 10 3 - 10 5  CFU/mL.     Commonly isolated organisms include:  Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Enterococci, Proteus mirabilis, pseudomanas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus saprophyticus. Klebsiella spp Enterococci  pseudomanas aeruginosa Proteus mirabilis staphylococcus saprophyticus Escherichia coli 01. Acute cystitis (...

Respiratory Tract Infections Acute Bronchitis Acute bronchitis is often of viral origin. Antibiotics are indicated only if there is secondary bacterial infection. Exacerbation ( worsening ) of chronic bronchitis Many patients are colonized with haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumonie or Moraxella catarrhalis. (90 - 95% are beta- lactamase Producers). Hence, growth in sputum culture does not always mean infection. However, antibiotics will reduce the volume and purulence of sputum. Treat with Amozicillin 500mg orally 8 hourlly for 5days or, Doxycillin 200mg orally 1st day, followed by 100mg daily for total five days or, Erythromycin 500mg orally for five days  In severe infections commence treatment with, Co-amoxiclav 625 mg orally 8 hourly may be considered.  Bronchitis  is inflammation of the bronchi (large and medium-sized airways) in the lungs. Symptoms include coughing up mucus, wheezing, shortness of breath, and c...